M1 - How a HCI can be adjusted for specialist needs
Specialist needs can range from mild disabilities or food allergies to serious psychiatric problems. They can be treated in many different ways which can start with the way a HCI is designed for everyone to use. When creating an interface the specialist needs that need to be considered are aural, oral, visual and physical.
Firstly, a HCI can be adjusted for specialist needs such as aural. This is relating to listening and the sense of sound. A disability that this may affect is deafness. A way of making a HCI appropriate for this type of disability is closed captioning and an avatar signing on the computer. Both of these would be appropriate because closed captioning is text on the screen from a video and an avatar signing on the screen will make it good for people who can't speak.
Secondly, another specialist need for some people is oral. It is relating to speech and can be done by using technology such as speech synthesis. The keyboard is used to input information which is then read out and appears on a screen. There is a range of voices and accents that can be chosen and altered for the user's preference. The advantages of this are it doesn't take much training to use and it gives disabled people the opportunity to use a computer. However, the disadvantages of speech synthesis are it is liable to error and background noise can interfere with the system.
Thirdly, a HCI can be changed visually for someone with special needs by using different colours and text. Colour can affect everyone differently because what some people can read others may be unable to. For example, the colour yellow isn't very clear on a white background, whereas, red is clear and easy to read.
Perception is something that has to be considered when creating an interface for specialist needs because it is when your mind fills in the blanks of an image. Some disabilities may be unable to do this making it impossible for them to view an image.
Finally, a HCI can be adjusted to a specialist need such as physical by using eyegaze technology if they have no use over speech or body movement. This could have been caused by a stroke or arthritis. It is controlled by the user's eyes by them looking at the letter on the screen keyboard, they can create speech, control a mouse and access their emails and the internet. Another, technology is using StickyKeys as they permit one finger typing. An example of StickyKeys is pressing 'Ctrl' followed by a letter rather than pressing the two buttons together.
To conclude, HCI's need to be suitable for all types of people and they need to be appealing. Each of these specialist needs need to be thought about when creating an interface. Without them an interface would never be applicable to everyone.
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